A boring pest (Lepidoptera: Tineidae) was intercepted in bovine horn products imported from Nigeria at Dalian Port. The intercepted insect specimens were identified based on morphological examination via stereomicroscopy and molecular genetic analysis. The species was identified as Ceratophaga tragoptila Meyrick, marking the first interception record of this species in China. Key diagnostic characteristics distinguishing it from related species include the presence of a yellow tuft of scales on the vertex of the head; the tegumen bearing horn-shaped basal processes and the gnathos exhibiting significant terminal expansion in the male genitalia; irregularly shaped corpus bursae and the ductus bursae possessing a finger-like antevaginal plate (lamella antevaginalis) in the female genitalia. This species feeds specifically on keratin within bovine horns and can be dispersed over long distances through the trade of infested horn products, presenting a tangible risk of invasion and colonization in China. Enhanced quarantine protocols for bovine horn products imported from relevant regions are strongly recommended at all ports of entry to mitigate the risk of introduction and ensure the biosecurity of horn product transportation and storage.