外来生物入侵防控体系建设研究
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国家自然科学基金面上项目(32271584);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2020JM-286);陕西省哲学社会科学研究专项(2022HZ1795);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(GK202103072、202210718052、2023GAXS14);陕西省科协决策咨询课题、西安市科协决策咨询课题(202113)


Construction of an invasive species prevention and control system
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    摘要:

    近年来随着我国经济的持续快速发展和进出口贸易量的增加,外来物种的引入和入侵的风险持续升高,外来入侵生物已对我国的自然生态系统、经济和社会发展造成了严重危害。如何建立一套完善的外来入侵生物防控体系是摆在相关从业者面前的一个重大研究命题。本研究系统梳理和分析了近年来国内外外来生物入侵现状以及防控措施,讨论了外来生物入侵防控体系功能特点,建议应从如下方面着手建设外来入侵生物防控体系:建立外来入侵生物防控工作协调机制,完善相关法律法规,及时建立、完善外来入侵生物数据库,建立外来入侵生物安全性风险评估和预警体系,加强海关检验检疫体系建设以及科学研究体系建设,借助大数据开展智能监测与绿色防控,并大力开展大众自然教育,提高全民对外来生物入侵危害的认识和防范意识,群策群防,提高防控和治理效率。通过以上建议以期能为我国生物入侵及其相关行业的发展和管理提供参考依据,早日建立并完善以政府为主导的一套外来生物入侵防控体系,将外来入侵生物带来的危害降到最低。

    Abstract:

    In recent years, the continuous and rapid development of China's economy, coupled with an escalating volume of import and export trade, has significantly increased the risk of introducing and spreading invasive alien species. The invasion of alien species has inflicted severe damage on China's natural ecosystems, economy, and society. However, establishing a sophisticated system for the prevention and control of invasive alien species remains a paramount research imperative. This study systematically reviews and synthesizes domestic and international experiences in the prevention and control of invasive alien species, proposing the following key aspects for the construction of a comprehensive invasive alien species prevention and control system: establishment of a coordinated mechanism for invasive species prevention and control, refinement of pertinent laws and regulations, timely creation and enhancement of an invasive alien species database, development of a safety risk assessment and early warning system, reinforcement of customs inspection and quarantine systems, substantial investment in scientific research, and promotion of public education on natural ecology. By fostering a collective and vigilant approach, this system aims to heighten awareness and implement preventive measures against the hazards posed by invasive species. This study systematically examined and analyzed the forms of invasive alien species and the corresponding preventive measures implemented both domestically and internationally in recent years. The study discusses the functional characteristics of invasive alien species prevention and control systems and provides recommendations for their development and construction. The objective was to serve as a reference for the advancement and management of China's biological invasion and related industries, with the ultimate goal of establishing and refining a government-led invasive alien species prevention and control system to minimize the harm caused by foreign invasive organisms.

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李欣迪,刘刚,杨毅哲,陈丽丽,王伟峰,刘广振,宋兴江,陈瑜,王佳,张献瑞,史岩,安玉霞,杜星瑶,吴明泽.外来生物入侵防控体系建设研究[J].生物安全学报中文版,2024,33(4):318-326

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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-12
  • 最后修改日期:2023-12-28
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-11-15
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