4种入侵性雀麦属种子的形态鉴定
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宁波市公益性科技计划项目(2021S078)


Morphological identification of four invasive seeds in the genus Bromus
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    【目的】不实雀麦、硬雀麦、双雄雀麦和旱雀麦因具危害性已被公认为入侵性杂草,其种子(小花)常随进境农产品进入中国,由于外观形态较为接近易引起混肴,需对其进行进一步研究并建立鉴定方法。【方法】使用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对4种雀麦小花的小穗轴、基盘、内稃、外稃等外部结构进行形态学观察和比对。【结果】不实雀麦外稃脉纹呈脊状排列;旱雀麦内稃脊具长毛被,小穗轴疤痕面明显塌陷;硬雀麦小穗轴和基盘疤痕明显拉长等宏观特征可用于种间区别。在微形态方面可通过内外稃冠细胞分布密度进行区别。【结论】结合宏观和微形态特征的鉴定方法可用于4种雀麦属杂草种子的快速识别。

    Abstract:

    【Aim】 Bromus sterilis, B. rigidus, B. diandrus, and B. tectorum have been recognized as invasive weeds because they are harmful and their seeds (florets) make their way into China through imported agricultural products. The morphological characteristics of these species are very similar; hence, further studies on their identification methods are required. 【Method】 External structures such as spikelet axis, basal disc, palea, and lemma of four types of bromegrass florets were morphologically observed and compared using light microscope (LM) and scanning elactron microscope (SEM). 【Result】 The lemma veins of B. strilis are arranged in a ridged pattern; B. tectorum has long hairs located on the ridge of the palea and significantly collapsed rachilla scars; and the rachilla and callus scars of B. rigidus are significantly elongated. These macroscopic features can be used in identification. Micromorphology can be used to distinguish characteristics, including the distribution density of crown cells in the palea and lemma. 【Conclusion】 A combination of macroscopic and micromorphological features can be employed in the identification of four species of Bromus seeds.

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徐瑛,赵雷,张吉红,虞赟,方亦午.4种入侵性雀麦属种子的形态鉴定[J].生物安全学报中文版,2024,33(2):148-153

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  • 收稿日期:2023-05-10
  • 最后修改日期:2023-09-15
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-05-09
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