【Aim】 Ficus spp. are commonly planted garden plants in the South China. The aim is to identify the species of mealybugs in Ficus spp. 【Method】 The COⅠ gene sequences of 9 species of mealybugs in Ficus spp. were amplified, and their sequence homology, genetic structure, and phylogenetic relationship were analyzed using bioinformatics software. 【Result】 The similarity of 38 sequences of mitochondrial COⅠ gene reached 99.25%-100.00%, and the interspecific genetic distance of 9 mealybugs was 0.070-0.173. Nipaecoccus viridis and Dysmicoccus brevipes had the highest genetic distance, while Pseudococcus comstocki and Pseudococcus cryptus was the smallest, which indicated that Pseudococcus comstocki and Pseudococcus cryptus were highly closely related. The phylogenetic tree was constructed with each mealybug clustered together using known mealybug sequences downloaded separately from the GenBank database. The results of molecular identification were found to be the same as those of morphological identification. 【Conclusion】 The mitochondrial COⅠ gene could rapidly and accurately identify mealybugs in Ficus spp. and reveal the genetic structure and phylogenetic relationship of mealybugs. It provided a scientific basis for the monitoring, prevention, and precise control of mealybugs in agriculture and forestry.