【Aim】 The aim of the present study was to understand the floristic and diverse causes of invasive alien plants in Yunnan Province, and to provide a theoretical basis for reducing the impact of invasive alien plants on biodiversity in this province. 【Method】 Based on the list of invasive alien plants in Yunnan Province, a floristic analysis of their families, genera, and species was conducted. To explore the causes of invasive plant diversity, Yunnan Province was compared with nine other provinces and cities with the highest invasive plant diversity in terms of ecological indicators (number of seed plants, number of climate types, total surface water, and annual maximum temperature) and socioeconomic indicators (total import value in 10 years, total number of inbound tourists in 10 years). 【Result】 Tropical components were predominant in the floristic composition of invasive alien plants in Yunnan Province, with the proportions of 50.85%, 63.16%, and 63.39% at family, genus, and species levels, respectively. The distribution of the families and genera of invasive alien species often varies, but most species are narrowly distributed and tend to be concentrated in specific regions (such as Trop. America and the Mediterranean, s. s.). The number of invasive alien species in Yunnan exhibited a strong linear correlation with the number of species of the same family worldwide. There was no correlation between the number of invasive alien plant species, and the international trade volume and the number of inbound tourists. Nevertheless, there was a significant relationship between the number of seed plants and the number of climate types in each province, and a certain relationship between the total surface water and the average annual temperature. 【Conclusion】 The natural habitats in Yunnan Province are suitable for the survival and dispersal of alien invasive plants. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain high vigilance for alien plants from tropical areas, which belong to large families and genera, and are geographically distant from Yunnan Province.