[Aim] Diaphorina citri is a pest of rutaceous plants, such as tangerine and jasmine, and the main vector of the Huanglongbing pathogen. Understanding the effects of D. citri endosymbionts on female fecundity can provide a theoretical basis for ecological regulation of D. citri. [Method] The Illumina HiSeq technique was used for high-throughput sequencing of the transcriptome and small interfering RNAs. The assembled sequences were analyzed to determine their functional annotations. Females were individually reared to analyze the effect of seven viral endosymbionts on the development of D. citri, including their fecundity, and lifespan. [Result] A total of 22429 unigene sequences were obtained, with an average length of 1304 base pairs, and 17673 unigenes were annotated using the NR, NT, Pfam, Swiss-Prot, GO, KOG, and KEGG databases by homologous sequence alignment. Several assembled sequences of viral endosymbionts were obtained based on small interfering RNA sequences. In biological assays, seven viral endosymbionts including D. citri reovirus, Hubei tick virus 2, Nilaparvata lugens reovirus, Mal de Rio Cuarto virus, Synechococcus phage S-RSM4, Tokyovirus A1 DNA, and Diaphorina citri picorna-like virus isolate BR1 casued significant decreases in the total number of eggs laid, whereas the immediate fecundity (no. of eggs laid every 3 days) and female lifespan were unaffected. [Conclusion] These results improve the understanding of symbiont diversity in D. citri. The findings also provide a basis for the studies on the function of viral symbionts in insect hosts and interaction of D. citri.