The problem of alien invasive species is compounding. During the 13th five-year plan period, China has carried out a series of research projects on basic frontiers, major common key technologies, major product research and development, and application demonstration research. These projects helped us understand the spread of invasive species and evolutionary mechanisms and interactions of invasive plants in fragile ecosystems. A potential agricultural invasive bioinformatics analysis platform, a risk prediction and assessment model of new alien invasive species, and a comprehensive prevention and control technology system of alien invasive species have been established. Rapid detection, monitoring, and warning system for major alien invasive species have also been developed. Aiming to limit Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Cydia pomonella, Tuta absoluta, and Heterodera schachtii, the prevention and control technology has been demonstrated. During the 13th five-year plan period, information on potentially invasive species was enriched and improved, and the effective reserve capacity of new and emergent invasive species emergency prevention and control technology products has been enhanced, and a comprehensive technical system for the prevention and control of major invasive species has been established. Considering the aims of the 14th five-year plan, it is recommended to continue to support research on the prevention and control of alien invasive species. This will promote the research and development of core technologies of "prevention beforehand, territory monitoring, elimination and interception, joint control and disaster reduction", and help achieve the primary goal of effective prevention and control of biological invasion.