Pomacea canaliculata is native to South America. In the 1980s, it was introduced into China as potential candidate for aquaculture. Because of its poor taste, it was later released into aquatic environments. As a result of its high fecundity, strong adaptability, and broad diet, P. canaliculata has rapidly spread and invaded many regions of China, causing serious harm to agricultural production, ecosystems, and human health. In this study, the current status of P. canaliculata in China was analyzed and systematically summarized. The existing prevention and control strategies for P. canaliculata are also discussed, environmentally friendly methods for its prevention and control are emphasized, and suggested future research prospects are presented. At present, a variety of physical, chemical, and biological measures, with different control effects on P. canaliculata, are used. Plant-derived control has become a hot research topic because of its advantages over other methods, including higher efficiency, more cost-effectiveness, and greater ecological safety against non-targets. However, studies of biological control measures tend to focus on simple toxicity tests, with fewer tests related to the mechanisms of toxicity and effects on reproduction. The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive review of the current situation regarding P. canaliculata invasion in China, the research progress on its prevention and control, and theoretical guidance for improved control, with an aim to provide potential countermeasures and novel ideas for furthering the prevention and control of P. canaliculata.