[Aim] This evaluated the risk of invasion of Dendroctonus valens in forests of Xiaogaoshan,Yanyuan County as a basis for the prevention, early warning and risk management of the species in this area.[Method] Multi index comprehensive evaluation method and risk analysis method were used to analyze five invasion factors:distribution; possibility of introduction, colonization and spread; potential harm; economic importance of the host; difficulty in preventing and controlling the invasive species. Through the literature and considering the influence of D. valens's distribution, the paper put forward aquantitative index of risk assessment and calculate risk score by adjusting the weight of geographical distribution in the evaluation system.[Result] The risk score of D. valens in Xiaogaoshan,Yanyuan County was 2.05, which was a high risk pest.[Conclusion] D. valens had caused harm to the Pinus yunnanensis forest in Xiaogaoshan area of Yanyuan County. Monitoring and early warning should be strengthened to prevent and control the species to further expand and improve forest ecological security.