Pterolophia formosana (Coleoptera:Cerambycidae) is a quarantine pest that generally spreads over long distances with wood products and packaging products. It is mainly distributed in Japan and Taiwan, China. So far, there have been no reports of occurrence on mainland China. P. formosana was intercepted for the fisrt time in May 2019 at Pingxiang port, on Acacia timber board originating from Vietnam. The species identification was carried out by observation and measurement of micro-morphological characteristics. The main difference between P. formosana and the similar species is that the base of elytra has distinct dark brown broad transverse band. The analysis of the possibility of invasion indicated that P. formosana from Taiwan, China and Japan had high possibilities to invade mainland China. The risk of colonization and spread of P. formosana in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Fujian is very high. Once P. formosana introduced into China, the agricultural and forestry security of China will be greatly threatened. The phytosanitary control of imported wood products and wooden packaging should be strengthened.