Plum pox virus, first discovered in Bulgaria, Eastern Europe, is one of the most important viruses damaging species of stone fruit trees. This virus is an important quarantine pest in the A2 list of the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO), the Inter-African Phytosanitary Council (IAPSC) and North American Plant Protection Organization (NAPPO). In 2007, Plum pox virus was included in the List of Imported Plant Quarantine Pests in the People's Republic of China. Plum pox virus can be transmitted in long distance with plant propagation materials (such as seedlings, stock, cutting) via intra- and inter-national trade. Aphids are vectors responsible for short-range dispersal. As of 2018, 56 countries and regions have reported the discovery of Plum pox virus worldwide. In China, this virus was first detected on the apricot tree in Hunan in 2004. In this paper, biological characteristics, means of movement and dispersal, economic impact, detection and identification methods, prevention and control measures of Plum pox virus are introduced. This work should contribute in preventing its invasion and further spreading.