As one of the ten most harmful weeds in the world, Mikania micrantha has attracted wide research attention. Because of its strong invasion ability, it poses a great threat to ecosystems. Aiming at the prevention and control of M. micrantha in forests, this paper summarized the research progress of M. micrantha control in forest ecosystems of the Yunnan Province. The progress so far includes:(1) Risk assessment, monitoring and early warning information systems have been developed to improve the prediction of potential distribution area of M. micrantha in the province. (2) Sulfometuron-methyl+2,4-D sodium salt and 2,4-D+Diquat compound have been deemed to be the most efficient control agents. (3) Alnus nepalensis, Terminalia myriocarpa and Stylosanthes guianensis seem suitable to control M. micrantha and can create greater economic benefits. (4) Pachypeltis micranthus has been identified as an important natural enemy insect, which effectively limits seed dispersal and asexual propagation of M. micrantha. The integration of monitoring and early warning, emergency treatment, biological control and ecological restoration have been useful control systems against M. micrantha, but prevention and control remain partial.