[Aim] The notorious weed of worldwide importance, Solanum sarrachoides, was first recorded at Liaoning, northeast of China in the 1980s. It was found to invade Henan, central China in 1990s, Beijing, north China and Xinjiang, northwest China in 2010s. To monitor and control its further invasion and spread, it is necessary to establish an early warning program by predicting its potential distribution in China.[Method] We firstly collected occurrence records of S. sarrachoides worldwide using the GBIF database, field investigations, herbarium records, and published literature. Subsequently, we used ecological niche modeling to predict the potential distribution of S. sarrachoides in China. Finally the highly risk area for potential invasion and spread was identified.[Result] Maxent modeling prediction showed that with the exception of four provinces in the south and north of China (Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Jilin and Hainan), most areas were suitable for the survival of S. sarrachoides.[Conclusion] S. sarrachoides may invade local areas and spread faster in the future. It is recommended that an eradication program should be attempted in the newly invaded areas and monitoring programs should be applied in the potentially vulnerable regions, particularly in receiving harbors, transfer stations of imported cereal grains or fodder crops, which are highly vulnerable to be contaminated with seeds of S. sarrachoides.