[Aim] Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel is a quarantine pest of rice in China that invaded Xinjiang in 2010. Its continued spread especially threatens organic rice production. Establishing the extent of damage and economic threshold densities, which are currently lacking, is important to develop rational plant protection practices in Xinjiang oases. [Method] The relationship between different densities of L. oryzophilus and spike number per hm², no. of grains per spike, 1000-grain mass, rate of filled grain, and yield loss was studied in field tests, using caged plants. [Result] There was a significant negative correlation between adult density and effective spike per hm², grains per spike, rate of filled grains, but there was no significant relationship between adult density and 1000-grain mass. Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that rice yield had significant negative correlation with adult density, spike per hm², grains per spike and rate of filled grain. In addition, the damage limit and economic threshold of L. oryzophilus in Xinjiang was calculated as 1.1756% and 5.82 heads·m^-2 respectively. [Conclusion] The maximum critical value of overwintering population density of L. oryzophilus in Xinjiang was 5.82 head·m^-2, above this value, interventions are necessary to prevent economic damage.