入侵植物飞机草与4种牧草的竞争效应
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科技部伙伴计划项目(KY201402015);广东省科技计划项目(2014B020206003)


Competitive effects between the invasive plant Chromolaena odoratum (L.) R. King et H. Rob. and four forage grasses
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    摘要:

    [背景]飞机草是我国危害最严重的入侵植物之一,目前仍缺乏可持续的控制手段。[方法]运用De Wit取代试验研究法,设置2株·盆-1(42.42株·m-2)、4株·盆-1(84.84株·m-2)和8株·盆-1(169.68株·m-2)3种密度,分别研究杂交狼尾草、木豆、山毛豆和宽叶雀稗与飞机草的竞争效应,以明确4种牧草对飞机草的替代控制潜力。[结果]3种密度下,杂交狼尾草和木豆均可以显著抑制飞机草的生长,其竞争平衡指数显著大于0,说明杂交狼尾草和木豆的竞争力均大于飞机草;山毛豆和宽叶雀稗的相对产量均显著小于1,其竞争平衡指数均显著小于0,说明山毛豆和宽叶雀稗的竞争力小于飞机草。[结论]杂交狼尾草和木豆可用作飞机草的替代控制植物。

    Abstract:

    [Background] Chromolaena odoratum (L.) R. King et H. Rob. is one of the most serious invasive weeds in China. There exists no currently available, sustainable control technology.[Method] Competitive effects were studied between C. odoratum and four forage grasses, Pennisetum americanum×P. purpureum, Cajanus cajan (Linn.) Millsp., Tephrosia candida DC., and Paspalum wettsteinii Hackel. Using the De Wit's method, replacement series at the densities of 2 plants·pot-1 (42.42 plants·m-2), 4 plants·pot-1 (84.84 plants·m-2), and 8 plants·pot-1 (169.68 plants·m-2) were planted to determine their potential of controlling C. odoratum.[Result] P. americanum×P. purpureum and C. cajan inhibited the growth of C. odoratum significantly and the competitive balance indexes (CB) of P. americanum×P. purpureum and C. cajan were significantly higher than 0 at three densities, suggesting that P. americanum×P. purpureum and C. cajan had strong competitiveness. The relative yields (RY) of T. candida and P. wettsteinii were all less than 1 and their CB were significantly below 0 at three densities, indicating that these plants have weaker competitiveness than C. odoratum.[Conclusion] P. americanum×P. purpureum and C. cajan are potentially appropriate as replacement plants against C. odoratum.

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岳茂峰,崔烨,冯莉,张纯,田兴山.入侵植物飞机草与4种牧草的竞争效应[J].生物安全学报中文版,2016,25(4):270-274

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  • 收稿日期:2016-05-21
  • 最后修改日期:2016-07-04
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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-11-19
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