【Background】The planting of transgenic herbicide-resistant rice requires a continuous application of unique targeting herbicide. This may lead to a change in weed community. However, how the weed community changes over time is still poorly understood. 【Method】In this study, the weed community structure was surveyed continuously in glufosinate-resistant transgenic rice Bar68-1 direct seeding field from 2011 to 2013, and compared with the treatment of conventional selective herbicide Bensulfuron-methyl+Pretilachlo (BMP). 【Result】The results showed that both weed species richness and total weed density decreased over the 3 years after continuous glufosinate and BMP treatments. The control of weed increased continuously and maintain better level with the increase year of glufosinate treatment. However, under the long-term treatment of conventional selective herbicides BMP, the weed community changed to a dominat perennial weed Paspalum paspaloides. The total weed density tend to increase trend and species diversity decrease significantly over time. 【Conclusion and significance】It is suggested that cultivation of herbicide-resistant transgenic rice under continuously use of a single non-selective herbicide would not rapidly lead to increase in weed community due the evolution of herbicide resistant weeds. But long-term weed community succession still needs to be further studied.