【Background】In recent years, Shivaphis pteroceltis was identified as a new aphid species. This species is causing great damage to Pteroceltis tatarinowii in Zaozhuang, Shandong Province. 【Method】In 2013, the distribution of S.pteroceltis in Shandong and Anhui Province was surveyed. In addition, the potential distribution of S.pteroceltis was predicted by Maxent niche model combined with environmental variables. 【Result】The results show that most of potential high risk areas are concentrated in Shandong Province, with limited risks in Jiangsu Province and the City of Beijing. Potential risks of invasion is considered medium in the provinces of Hebei, Henan, Anhui, and Jiangsu. The provinces of Shanxi, Sichuan, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Hubei, Hunan, and Zhejiang are considered as low risks. 【Conclusion and significance】The predicted distribution of S.pteroceltis, using the Maxent niche model, shows that the concentration of higher risk of infestation is located in central-eastern regions of China. This is where prevention of occurrence of S.pteroceltis should focus since it is the main area for P.tatarinowii.