【Background】After the widespread adoption of trangenic insectresistant cotton in China, a double-gene transgenic cotton was developed that confers resistance to the herbicide glyphosate. The overall impact of such multiple constructs could be different from their single-gene equivalent, thus field studies on the effects of this double-gene cotton on arthropod communities should be carried out as part of the pre-release biosafety evaluations. 【Method】We did a visual survey of the arthropod communities in transgenic glyphosate-insect resistant cotton, Bt transgenic cotton and non-transgenic cotton plots, planted on the research farm of the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Anyang, Henan Province. The survey was carried on every other five days by the method of five point sampling from May 9 to September 23, 2010, and May 10 to September 24, 2011. Each cotton cultivar was planted on three separate plots of 200 m2 (8 m×25 m). Arthropods were visually identified to genus. 【Result】There were no significant differences in the structure and composition of arthropod community, pest sub-community and natural enemy sub-community among the three cotton fields. The observed number of pest arthropods in glyphosate-insect resistant cotton were lower than in Bt- or and non-transgenic cotton. The overall numbers of natural enemies in the double-gene transgenic cotton were equal to the non-transgenic one and lower than in Bt cotton. The values of the biological diveristy index and the evenness indexes of the arthropod communities, pest or natural enemy sub-communities showed no significant differences among the three cotton fields. 【Conclusion and significance】It seems that the planting of transgenic glyphosateinsect resistant cotton causes no drastic rearrangement in the composition of the arthropod communities. This study will make help for the assessment of environment safety of transgenic glyphosateinsect resistant cotton.