【Background】GMO safety assessment has been a concern with the development of transgenic technology. The Plant Breeding Base of Hainan, including places of Sanya, Ledong, Lingshui, etc.[KG-*8], benefiting from the advantageous climate and environment is very important for the Chinese seed industry, accelerating generations of breeding and shortening the breeding period. However, the concentration of various breeding materials in this area poses special potential biological safety risks. So, it′s invaluable to take the GMO safety assessment in this region.【Method】Taking the normal rice variety MH63 as control, the influence of transgenic cry1Ab/cry1Ac rice (TT51) on the rhizosphere microorganisms were studied by Petri dish cultivation, counting and molecular identification in the Plant Breeding Base of Hainan.【Result】After 3 planting cycles′ practice and experiment (including 42 sampling times), no significant differences in the community diversity of the rhizosphere microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, and actinomyces) between TT51 and MH63 were observed. No obvious tendency on the change of microorganisms caused by TT51 was observed. Furthermore, the compositions of rhizosphere soil bacteria species between TT51 and MH63 were almost the same.【Conclusion and significance】 It seems that the planting of transgenic cry1Ab/cry1Ac rice (TT51), may not create overwhelming differences in the diversity of rhizosphere microorganisms. This study could make help for the assessment of GM rice biosafety in the Plant Breeding Base of Hainan.