【Background】Mango (Mangifera indica) is one of the most important tropical fruits in South China known for its broad distribution, high output and significant economic value. Recently, a cultivar shit occurred, with the Taiwan mango planted over large areas. 【Method】We did a systematic investigation in mango orchards in Hui′an, Fujian, China from 2006 to 2007, to clarify the composition and structure of the arthropod communities. 【Result】There were 28247 arthropod individuals collected from the crowns of mango trees, belonging to 2 classes, 15 orders, 79 families and 145 species. Among them, 76 species were pests (i.e., 52.[KG-*8]41%), 42 species were classified as natural enemies (28.[KG-*8]97%) and 27 species were neutral insects (18.[KG-*8]62%). Richness, abundance, diversity, evenness and concentration of total community and subcommunities fluctuated with seasons, and the diversity indexes (ShannonWiener index, H′) of the total community and subcommunities were significantly and positively correlated to their species richness and evenness. The dominant pests were Oligonychus mangiferus Rahman et Punjab and Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, and the dominant natural enemies were Stethorus siphonulus Kapur and spiders (Araneidae). The dominant neutral insects were Chironomus kiiensis Tokunaga, Caecilius excavates Li, Monomorium chinensis Santschi and Tetrmotium bicarinatum Nylander. 【Conclusion and significance】The study provide the foundation for protection and utilization of biotic resources and natural enemies, prediction and control constantly of pests in mango orchard.