Ceratitis rosa Karsch (Diptera: Tephritidae) can damage over 30 species host plants, and is one of the import quarantine pests by China.The current and future potential geographic distribution of C.rosa were predicted by using CLIMEX 3.0 and ArcGIS 9.3. The results showed that the current potential geographic distribution areas were between 18.250°N~30.250°N, the geographic distribution areas with high potential were southeastern and southern China, including Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Taiwan. For the future potential geographic distribution in 2020, 2050 and 2100, it was predicted that the northern boundary of the potential geographic distribution areas moved to 31.250°N, 32.250°N and 33.750°N respectively, the medium potential geographic distribution areas moved northwards obviously in 2020 and 2050, the high potential geographic distribution areas moved northwards obviously in 2100. Therefore, in order to prevent the invasion of C.rosa, the quarantine and monitor measures should be enhanced more in China, the mainly monitoring network should be in south of China, particularly in Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian and Hainan, and carry on the longterm monitoring. In view of the future potential geographic distribution of C.rosa in China, we should be regular monitoring in Hunan, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Hubei, Jiangsu, Anhui.