A reliable environmental biosafety assessment system is an important component in the process of transgenic crop commercialization. The paper has reviewed the development history, trend, thoughts and contents of environmental biosafety assessment for transgenic plants. Environmental biosafety assessment for transgenic plants should be included three steps： the analysis of potential risks， risk verification and risk characterisation; these should be stepwise evaluated. The biosafety assessment should be integrated in the whole process of research and commercialization, which includes the prediction before application, the selection during the research and development, the assessment before commercialization and the monitoring after commercialization. According to the principles of scientific casebycase analysis, the paper briefly summarises the strategy of environmental biosafety assessment for transgenic plants displaying complex traits and abioticstress resistance.