Abstract:A reliable environmental biosafety assessment system is an important component in the process of transgenic crop commercialization. The paper has reviewed the development history, trend, thoughts and contents of environmental biosafety assessment for transgenic plants. Environmental biosafety assessment for transgenic plants should be included three steps: the analysis of potential risks, risk verification and risk characterisation; these should be stepwise evaluated. The biosafety assessment should be integrated in the whole process of research and commercialization, which includes the prediction before application, the selection during the research and development, the assessment before commercialization and the monitoring after commercialization. According to the principles of scientific casebycase analysis, the paper briefly summarises the strategy of environmental biosafety assessment for transgenic plants displaying complex traits and abioticstress resistance.